07. Docker Production Security: Read-Only Root FS, Capabilities Drop & Container Scanning • DevOps, Docker & Cloud VPS Deployment Mastery • Rishabh Ki Kaksha

DevOps, Docker & Cloud VPS Deployment Mastery › 07. Docker Production Security: Read-Only Root FS, Capabilities Drop & Container Scanning

40 mins

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Course Syllabus

Module 1: Linux System Administration & Kernel Performance Tuning

01. Linux OS Architecture: Kernel vs User Space, System Calls & Process Management (ps, top, htop) 02. Linux File Permissions (chmod, chown, SUID/SGID) & Sticky Bits Security 03. Networking & Diagnostics: netstat, ss, lsof, tcpdump, curl, dig & DNS Resolution

Part 1: Linux & Docker Containerization

Module 2: Containerization with Docker & Multi-Stage Builds

04. Docker Architecture: Namespaces, Cgroups, UnionFS & Docker Engine Internals 05. Dockerfile Optimization: Layer Caching, Non-Root Users & Ultra-Light Alpine Multi-Stage Builds 06. Docker Compose: Multi-Container Networking, Persistent Volumes & Environment Config 07. Docker Production Security: Read-Only Root FS, Capabilities Drop & Container Scanning

Part 2: Nginx, SSL, PM2 & Automated CI/CD

Module 3: Nginx Reverse Proxy, SSL Automation & Security Hardening

08. Nginx Masterclass: Event-Driven Non-Blocking Architecture vs Apache Multi-Threaded 09. Nginx as Reverse Proxy, Load Balancer (upstream) & Gzip/Brotli Compression Config 10. SSL/TLS Automation with Certbot Let's Encrypt, HTTP/2 & Strict-Transport-Security (HSTS) 11. Nginx Rate Limiting (limit_req), DDoS Mitigation & Security Headers Injection

Module 4: Process Management with PM2 & Systemd Services

12. Systemd Services: Creating Custom System Daemons with Automatic Restart & Logging 13. PM2 Enterprise Process Manager: Cluster Mode, Ecosystem Config & Graceful Reloads 14. Log Management & Rotation: logrotate, journalctl & Centralized Syslog Streaming

Module 5: CI/CD Automation with GitHub Actions & Zero-Downtime Deployments

15. CI/CD Foundations: Building Automated Test & Build Pipelines with GitHub Actions 16. Automated SSH Deployments: Self-Hosted Runners, Deploy Keys & Zero-Downtime Atomic Symlinks 17. Blue-Green & Canary Deployment Strategies on Cloud VPS Infrastructure

Module 6: Cloud VPS Production Hardening, Firewall (UFW) & Backups

18. Cloud VPS Hardening: Non-Root Sudo Users, SSH Key-Only Auth, Fail2ban & UFW Firewall Rules 19. Automated Database & Media Backups to Cloud Storage (AWS S3 / Cloudflare R2 / MinIO) 20. Server Health Monitoring & Alerting: Uptime Kuma, Netdata, Prometheus & Telegram Bot Webhooks

Interactive Lesson Studio

# 07. Docker Production Security: Read-Only Root FS, Capabilities Drop & Container Scanning

> DevOps & Cloud VPS Notes by Rishabh - Topic 07

---

### 1. Dropping Linux Capabilities (Kernel Defense 🛡️)

Root user in container by default possesses dangerous Linux kernel capabilities (`CAP_NET_RAW`, `CAP_SYS_ADMIN`).  
**Best Practice:** Saare capabilities drop karo aur sirf zaroori allow karo:

```bash
docker run -d \
  --cap-drop=ALL \
  --cap-add=NET_BIND_SERVICE \
  --read-only \
  --tmpfs /tmp \
  --security-opt=no-new-privileges:true \
  my-production-app
```

---

### 2. Automated Vulnerability Scanning with Trivy

```bash
# Scan Docker image for critical CVEs:
trivy image --severity CRITICAL,HIGH my-production-app:latest
```

---

### 3. Master Comparison Matrix

---

### 4. Interview Ke 3 Sawal Is Topic Se

1. **Docker Container Breakout kya hota hai?** -> Jab container process Linux kernel vulnerability exploit karke host machine ka root shell access hasil kar leti hai.
2. **Rootless Docker kya hota hai?** -> Docker daemon (`dockerd`) ko bina host root user permissions ke unprivileged user namespace me run karna.
3. **Seccomp (Secure Computing Mode) profiles Docker me kya karti hain?** -> Container process dwara execute kiye jane wale Linux system calls (e.g. blocking `reboot`, `ptrace`) ko filter karti hain.

---
**Next Topic:** 08. Nginx Masterclass: Event-Driven Non-Blocking Architecture vs Apache Multi-Threaded

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Rishabh Gehlot

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