13. Mutual TLS (mTLS) for Zero-Trust Service-to-Service Communication • Git, System Design & Web Security (OWASP Top 10) • Rishabh Ki Kaksha

Git, System Design & Web Security (OWASP Top 10) › 13. Mutual TLS (mTLS) for Zero-Trust Service-to-Service Communication

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Course Syllabus

Module 1: Git Internals, Plumbing Commands & DAG Graph Architecture

01. Git Internals: Blobs, Trees, Commits & Annotated Tags (The .git Directory Anatomy) 02. Git DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph) & Plumbing Commands (cat-file, hash-object, write-tree) 03. Git Three Trees Architecture: Working Directory, Staging Index & HEAD

Part 1: Git Mastery, Security Defense & Caching

Module 2: Advanced Branching Strategies & Disaster Recovery

04. Advanced Rebasing: Interactive Rebase (squash, edit, fixup) vs Merge 05. Git Disaster Recovery: git reflog, Cherry-Pick & Recovering Deleted Commits/Branches 06. Enterprise Branching: Trunk-Based Development vs GitFlow vs Feature Flag Architecture

Module 3: Web Application Security: OWASP Top 10 Defenses

07. OWASP #1 & #3: SQL Injection (SQLi) & Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) Hardening 08. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS): Stored, Reflected, DOM-based & Content Security Policy (CSP) 09. CSRF vs Cross-Origin Traps: SameSite Cookies, Anti-CSRF Tokens & CORS Preflight Rules 10. Broken Object-Level Authorization (BOLA/IDOR) & Role-Based Access Control (RBAC/ABAC)

Module 4: Cryptography, PKI, SSL/TLS & Mutual Auth (mTLS)

11. Asymmetric Cryptography (RSA vs ECC) & Digital Signatures with GPG Keys 12. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), TLS 1.3 Handshake & Let's Encrypt Automation 13. Mutual TLS (mTLS) for Zero-Trust Service-to-Service Communication

Module 5: DevSecOps, Secret Scanning & Zero-Trust Security Architecture

14. Automated Secret Scanning (Gitleaks, Trufflehog) & Git Pre-Commit Hooks 15. Software Supply Chain Security: Dependabot, SBOM (Software Bill of Materials) & Signed Commits 16. Enterprise Zero-Trust Architecture: Cloud IAM, Bastion Hosts & WireGuard VPN Networks

Interactive Lesson Studio

# 13. Mutual TLS (mTLS) for Zero-Trust Service-to-Service Communication

> Git & Web Security Notes by Rishabh - Topic 13

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### 1. Standard TLS vs Mutual TLS (mTLS 🔐)

*   **Standard One-Way TLS:** Client verify karta hai server ki identity (Client authenticate nahi hota).
*   **Mutual TLS (mTLS):** **Server aur Client (Microservice) DONO ek doosre ke cryptographic X.509 certificates verify karte hain!**

```
[ Service A (Payment API) ] ◀==== mTLS (2-Way Encrypted Handshake) ====▶ [ Service B (Auth Engine) ]
(Validates Service B Cert)                                              (Validates Service A Cert)
```

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### 2. Service Mesh Implementation (Istio / Envoy Proxy)

Microservices architecture me har pod ke bagal me Envoy Sidecar Proxy deploy hoti hai jo automated zero-touch mTLS encryption manage karti hai.

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### 3. Master Comparison Matrix

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### 4. Interview Ke 3 Sawal Is Topic Se

1. **Kubernetes me service-to-service communication ke liye mTLS standard kyu hai?** -> Zero-Trust architecture ensure karne ke liye taaki internal cluster me kisi compromised pod se unauthorized lateral network traffic na fail sake.
2. **SPIFFE / SPIRE framework mTLS me kya role play karta hai?** -> Short-lived cryptographic workload identities (X.509 SVIDs) dynamically issue aur rotate karta hai.
3. **mTLS overhead latency kitni hoti hai?** -> Initial TLS handshake par ~1-2ms lagta hai; connection keep-alive aur session resumption ke baad latency near-zero (< 0.1ms) hoti hai.

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**Next Topic:** 14. Automated Secret Scanning (Gitleaks, Trufflehog) & Git Pre-Commit Hooks

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Rishabh Gehlot

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