04. Advanced Rebasing: Interactive Rebase (squash, edit, fixup) vs Merge • Git, System Design & Web Security (OWASP Top 10) • Rishabh Ki Kaksha

Git, System Design & Web Security (OWASP Top 10) › 04. Advanced Rebasing: Interactive Rebase (squash, edit, fixup) vs Merge

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Course Syllabus

Module 1: Git Internals, Plumbing Commands & DAG Graph Architecture

01. Git Internals: Blobs, Trees, Commits & Annotated Tags (The .git Directory Anatomy) 02. Git DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph) & Plumbing Commands (cat-file, hash-object, write-tree) 03. Git Three Trees Architecture: Working Directory, Staging Index & HEAD

Part 1: Git Mastery, Security Defense & Caching

Module 2: Advanced Branching Strategies & Disaster Recovery

04. Advanced Rebasing: Interactive Rebase (squash, edit, fixup) vs Merge 05. Git Disaster Recovery: git reflog, Cherry-Pick & Recovering Deleted Commits/Branches 06. Enterprise Branching: Trunk-Based Development vs GitFlow vs Feature Flag Architecture

Module 3: Web Application Security: OWASP Top 10 Defenses

07. OWASP #1 & #3: SQL Injection (SQLi) & Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) Hardening 08. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS): Stored, Reflected, DOM-based & Content Security Policy (CSP) 09. CSRF vs Cross-Origin Traps: SameSite Cookies, Anti-CSRF Tokens & CORS Preflight Rules 10. Broken Object-Level Authorization (BOLA/IDOR) & Role-Based Access Control (RBAC/ABAC)

Module 4: Cryptography, PKI, SSL/TLS & Mutual Auth (mTLS)

11. Asymmetric Cryptography (RSA vs ECC) & Digital Signatures with GPG Keys 12. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), TLS 1.3 Handshake & Let's Encrypt Automation 13. Mutual TLS (mTLS) for Zero-Trust Service-to-Service Communication

Module 5: DevSecOps, Secret Scanning & Zero-Trust Security Architecture

14. Automated Secret Scanning (Gitleaks, Trufflehog) & Git Pre-Commit Hooks 15. Software Supply Chain Security: Dependabot, SBOM (Software Bill of Materials) & Signed Commits 16. Enterprise Zero-Trust Architecture: Cloud IAM, Bastion Hosts & WireGuard VPN Networks

Interactive Lesson Studio

# 04. Advanced Rebasing: Interactive Rebase (squash, edit, fixup) vs Merge

> Git & Web Security Notes by Rishabh - Topic 04

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### 1. Merge vs Rebase (Linear History vs True History ⚔️)

*   **`git merge feature`:** Feature branch aur Main branch ko combine karne ke liye ek naya **Merge Commit (3-Way Merge)** banata hai.
    *   *Pros:* Exact history preserved.
    *   *Cons:* Cluttered non-linear spaghetti graph.
*   **`git rebase main`:** Feature branch ke commits ko utha kar `main` ke sabse latest tip ke upar **naye SHA-1 hashes ke sath re-apply (replay)** karta hai!
    *   *Pros:* **100% Clean, Linear Git History!**

---

### 2. Interactive Rebase (`git rebase -i HEAD~4`) 🛠️

Production PR submit karne se pehle messy commits ko clean karna:

```
pick a1b2c3d Feature: Add user authentication
squash e4f5g6h fix typo in auth controller
fixup 7i8j9k0 remove console.log debug statements
reword 1l2m3n4 Add JWT Token Rotation tests
```

*   **`pick`:** Commit ko as-is include karo.
*   **`squash`:** Piche wale commit me merge karo aur commit message edit karne ka mauka do.
*   **`fixup`:** Piche wale commit me merge karo aur iska commit message discard (ignore) kar do.
*   **`drop`:** Is commit ko permanently delete kar do.

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### 3. The Golden Rule of Rebasing (Never Break Production 👑)

> **THE GOLDEN RULE:**
> **"Never rebase commits that exist outside your local repository and that other developers have pulled!"**  
> Shared public branches (jaise `main` ya `develop`) par rebase force push (`git push -f`) karne se doosre developers ka local history fork ho jayega!

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### 4. Master Comparison Matrix

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### 5. Interview Ke 3 Sawal Is Topic Se

1. **`git push --force-with-lease` standard `git push -f` se safer kyu hai?** -> `--force-with-lease` pehle check karta hai ki remote ref wahi hai jo aap expect kar rahe the; agar kisi doosre teammate ne beech me naya commit push kiya ho, toh push abort ho jata hai taaki teammate ka code overwrite na ho.
2. **Rebase conflicts aane par resolve karne ka sequence kya hota hai?** -> Files me conflicts fix karo ➔ `git add <file>` ➔ `git rebase --continue` (Kabhi bhi conflict me `git commit` nahi chalana!).
3. **Autosquash feature (`git commit --fixup <commit_sha>`) kaise kaam karta hai?** -> `git rebase -i --autosquash` chalane par Git automatically fixup commits ko unke target commit ke theek niche arrange kar deta hai.

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**Next Topic:** 05. Git Disaster Recovery: git reflog, Cherry-Pick & Recovering Deleted Commits/Branches

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Rishabh Gehlot

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